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What is an arbitration process?
It is an Alternative Dispute Resolution Method under which parties in conflict may, by mutual consent, submit existing or future controversies to a third party.
It is a procedure under which the parties subject their controversy to an arbitrator or Arbitration Court who issues a decision that is binding to both parties. The parties must decide if the issue will be solved by one or several arbitrators.
The Arbitration and Mediation Law and AMC’s rules and regulations define the arbitration procedure, the authority granted to the Arbitration Court, the rights and obligations of the parties in contention and the role that the Mediation and Arbitration Center will play.

What types of conflicts may be solved through arbitration?
Any controversy subject to compromise. See Article 1 of the Arbitration and Mediation Law
Basically all conflicts are subject to arbitration. Its application has been successful in various fields, ranging from commercial or business issues to family, institutional or community matters, as arbitration generates interaction between the parties which leads to seeking mutually acceptable solutions.

What are the benefits of arbitration?
· Impartial: due to the ethical and professional standing of the arbitrators.
· Arbitrators are experts in various fields.
· Bilingual: arbitrators are fully fluent in English, which renders handling national and international processes easier.
· Promptness: the process is efficient and agile.
· Advance notice of the costs and fees of the Arbitration process
· Prevents litigation and is legally enforceable: An arbitration award has the legal effect of a unappealable judgment and res judicata. Awards are enforced in the same way as final judgments.
· Confidentiality: arbitration takes place in a reserved and private environment.
· The support of the Ecuadorian-American Chamber of Commerce ensures reliability and stability to foreign contractors.
· Economical: Arbitration prevents legal processes which are more expensive due to relevant legal fees and other expenses and because of the time legal processes take.

How do you include arbitration in a contract?
See Article 5 of the Arbitration and Mediation Law [Ley de Arbitraje y Mediación].

To resort to this procedure, the contract made between the parties must include an arbitration clause stating the parties’ willingness to subject potential differences to the decision issued by a AMC Arbitration Court
If the contract, however, does not include such a clause and a conflict arises, the parties may still make an agreement to submit specific differences to an arbitration decision.

Why should a mixed mediation and arbitration clause be included in any contract?
We recommend exhausting all direct forms of dialogue between the parties before submitting the issue to the decision of third parties. In other words, we suggest direct negotiations first. If the matter is not solved, attempt mediation. If the issue is still not solved resort to arbitration.
It is a good idea to combine both methods because it enables shifting from less aggressive Alternative Dispute Resolution Methods such as mediation, to more drastic means that seek final judgment from an Arbitration Court.

What procedure applies to arbitration?
The procedure applied to arbitration is simple. See the Arbitration procedure on the diagram flow

How does arbitration begin?
One of the parties presents a written claim to the Director of the Mediation and Arbitration Center. Once the Director has verified all the legal requirements, he or she qualifies the claim to initiate the process and notifies the other party.
The arbitration claim is subject to the same requirements determined for a legal claim, plus the terms indicated in article 10 of the Arbitration and Mediation Law.

Must the parties be represented by a lawyer?
Yes, under arbitration all parties must be represented by a lawyer.

What rates apply to arbitration?
The rate is based on the amount of the controversy.
After submitting the arbitration request, the claimant must paid the AMC’s administrative fee

How long does arbitration take?
According to the Law, arbitration lasts a maximum of 150 days from the hearing in which arbitrators declare competent. This term may be extended by an equal amount of time if strictly necessary.

Are arbitration awards subject to appeal?
By law, arbitration awards are unappealable (Article 30 of the Arbitration and Mediation Law). The law admits however, requesting the nullity of an arbitration award provided one of the conditions determined in article 31 of the Arbitration and Mediation Law is met.

 

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